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  1. Docker Server Configuration for MediaWiki

This article provides a comprehensive guide to configuring a MediaWiki instance using Docker. Docker simplifies deployment and management by packaging applications and their dependencies into standardized units called containers. This eliminates many "works on my machine" problems and ensures consistency across different environments. This guide assumes basic familiarity with the command line and fundamental networking concepts.

Prerequisites

Before beginning, ensure you have the following installed:

  • Docker: The core Docker engine. Installation instructions vary by operating system; refer to the official https://docs.docker.com/get-docker/ for details.
  • Docker Compose: A tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications. Usually installed alongside Docker, but may require separate installation depending on your OS.
  • A basic understanding of Linux command line.
  • A text editor for creating configuration files.

Understanding the Components

A typical MediaWiki Docker setup involves several key components:

  • Web Server (Apache or Nginx): Handles incoming HTTP requests and serves the MediaWiki interface.
  • PHP: Processes the MediaWiki application logic.
  • MariaDB or MySQL: Stores the MediaWiki data (pages, revisions, user information, etc.).
  • 'Redis (Optional): Caching layer for improved performance.
  • 'Message Queue (Optional, e.g., RabbitMQ): For asynchronous tasks like job processing.

Docker allows us to run each of these as separate containers, communicating with each other through defined networks.

Docker Compose Configuration

The recommended approach is to define your MediaWiki environment using a `docker-compose.yml` file. Below is an example configuration. Adjust versions and resource allocations as needed for your specific requirements.

```yaml version: "3.9"

services: 

 db:
   image: mariadb:10.6
   container_name: mediawiki_db
   restart: always
   environment:
     MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: your_root_password
     MYSQL_DATABASE: mediawiki
     MYSQL_USER: mediawiki
     MYSQL_PASSWORD: your_mediawiki_password
   volumes:
     - db_data:/var/lib/mysql

 web:
   image: nginx:latest
   container_name: mediawiki_web
   restart: always
   ports:
     - "80:80"
     - "443:443" #For HTTPS, configure SSL certificates separately
   volumes:
     - ./nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d
     - ./mediawiki:/var/www/html
   depends_on:
     - php

 php:
   image: php:8.2-fpm
   container_name: mediawiki_php
   restart: always
   volumes:
     - ./mediawiki:/var/www/html
   depends_on:
     - db
   environment:
     PHP_MEMORY_LIMIT: 256M
     PHP_MAX_EXECUTION_TIME: 30

volumes: 

 db_data:

```

Detailed Service Specifications

Here's a breakdown of the services defined in the `docker-compose.yml` file, presented in a tabular format.

Service Name Image Used Purpose Key Configuration
db mariadb:10.6 Stores MediaWiki database. Root password, database name, user credentials, persistent volume.
web nginx:latest Serves MediaWiki web pages. Port mappings (80, 443), Nginx configuration, MediaWiki files.
php php:8.2-fpm Processes PHP code for MediaWiki. MediaWiki files, PHP memory limit, maximum execution time.

Database Configuration

The `db` service uses a MariaDB container. The example `docker-compose.yml` sets up a basic database with a root password, a dedicated MediaWiki database, and a user specifically for MediaWiki access.

Variable Description Example
`MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD` Password for the MariaDB root user. `your_root_password`
`MYSQL_DATABASE` Name of the database to create for MediaWiki. `mediawiki`
`MYSQL_USER` Username for the MediaWiki application to access the database. `mediawiki`
`MYSQL_PASSWORD` Password for the MediaWiki user. `your_mediawiki_password`
    • Important:** Replace the placeholder passwords with strong, unique values.

Web Server (Nginx) Configuration

The `web` service uses an Nginx container to serve the MediaWiki files. A custom Nginx configuration file located at `./nginx/conf.d/default.conf` (not provided in full here for brevity) is mounted into the container. This configuration should be set up to proxy requests to the PHP-FPM container. Typical configuration points include setting up the document root to `/var/www/html` and configuring the PHP-FPM proxy pass.

PHP Configuration

The `php` service uses a PHP-FPM container. Key PHP settings, such as `PHP_MEMORY_LIMIT` and `PHP_MAX_EXECUTION_TIME`, are configured using environment variables. The MediaWiki files are mounted into the container at `/var/www/html`.

Running the Application

1. Save the `docker-compose.yml` file in a directory of your choice. 2. Create a directory named `nginx` within that directory and create a configuration file such as `default.conf` inside. 3. Download the latest MediaWiki release and extract it into a directory named `mediawiki` in the same directory as the `docker-compose.yml` file. 4. Open a terminal in that directory and run: 

   ```bash
   docker-compose up -d
   ```

   This command builds and starts the containers in detached mode.

5. Access MediaWiki in your web browser at `http://localhost` (or the appropriate IP address if running remotely). 6. Follow the MediaWiki installation guide to complete the setup process, providing the database credentials defined in the `docker-compose.yml` file.

Scaling and Persistence

  • **Scaling:** You can scale the PHP-FPM containers horizontally by increasing the `replicas` value in the `docker-compose.yml` file. A load balancer (like Nginx) will distribute requests across the instances.
  • **Persistence:** The `db_data` volume ensures that the database data persists even if the `db` container is stopped or removed. Consider using named volumes or bind mounts for other persistent data, such as the `mediawiki` directory containing the MediaWiki files.

Troubleshooting

  • Check container logs: `docker-compose logs <service_name>`.
  • Verify network connectivity between containers: `docker exec -it <container_name> ping <other_container_name>`.
  • Ensure the Nginx configuration correctly proxies requests to the PHP-FPM container.
  • Review the MediaWiki System Requirements to ensure your server meets the minimum specifications.



Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Configuration settings Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Database setup Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Installing MediaWiki Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extensions Special:MyLanguage/Help:Skin Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Command-line tools Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Upgrading MediaWiki Special:MyLanguage/Manual:API Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Admin tasks Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Configuration Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Performance Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Security best practices Special:MyLanguage/Help:Templates Special:MyLanguage/Help:Categories Special:MyLanguage/Help:Linking


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